Pp2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pp2 - Essay ExampleOne hold praises the lineament of Japans oversight elbow room and sates that British managers are trying to learn from the competitive model of Japanese management vogue. Another article points out the weak aspects of Iranian infirmary management. The article helps us to make a detailed relation with the hospital industries UK and Japan. The literature also illustrates the various reasons why hospital industries in UK and Japan have improve management quality than that of other countries like Iran. The majority of developed countries seek convergence of different management styles which are found successful in practical business operation. The article on Iranian hospital management points out the absence of effective interaction between the managers and other employees. Iranian managers maintain extremely distinguished position in the organizations which ultimately will have adverse effect on the interpersonal relationship. On the other hand, the managers of other regions maintain comparatively positive approach to knowledge sharing and joint teamwork. As the article states, there is little distance between managers and other individuals in the British style of organizational management. Instead of personal management, rather broad and collaborative information sharing has become the major facet of modern business management. Therefore, the mode of leadership is a significant factor that determines business success. The quality and effectiveness of workforce is subjected to leadership style. HR management should be the major absorb business strategy. thriving companies spend time and effort to develop their managerial functions. Countries like Iran need to heed their genuine concern to research on other organizational cultures and business management styles.The first part of the research is to canvass the common theories associated with the organizational management. The theory part will be helpful in order to

Four hours in my lai Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Four hours in my lai - Essay ExampleThis is because the U.S legions taking resort in one of the Vietnamese villages was waiting for an encounter that would allow them to use their trainings and protection mechanism for the fight. However, this opportunity did not come easily thus, they decided to try the attack towards Vietnamese groups. My Lai Massacre happened in the dayspring of March 16, 1968 which was one of the bloodiest and vicious mass killings in history(Michael & Kevin,102). This Massacre was characterized by the killing spree through in the hamlets in South Vietnam by the U.S. military troupes by the use of bombs and blasting that killed not only if men and women, but also innocent children and even animals (Bilton & Sim, 1992). The massacre death toll reached approximately calciferol plus slew. Though the massacre called for attention, the soldiers involved in the massacre, 26 of them to be exact, one of whom is Lt. William Calley has managed to reduce the sound from the eventful date. However, during the fall of the year 1969, media was able to open the eyes of the world and bring them to the real catastrophe and demonstration of abuse of power by the U.S. military in the My Lai massacre that led to the imprisonment of those involved. The Cleveland subject area Dealer spearheaded in breaking the story to the public where an army photographer from Cleveland, Ronald Haeberle has exposed photographs of the massacre and given a newspaper firm an exclusive inter check of himself . This gave the public an unbiased view of what really happened in the My Lai Massacre. The media has played a big role in giving the world a clear view of the Vietnam massacre. Because of media, I strongly believe that the My Lai Massacre freed itself from the preconceived thoughts of the world being a massacre that had to do with the political and economic insurgency in Vietnam at that time against communism and their leaders (Bilton & Sim, 1992). Instead, this wa r also highlighted on the American military whose unlawful command needed some rethinking and how the American militarys actions strongly shaped Vietnamese history and cultivation today. The Massacre was indeed not only a big event in Vietnamese history but is still continuing to remind people of the massacres remnants because of its short and long term effects. Some of the short term effects of the war would include the stricter guidelines and qualifications set for military volunteers who wish to serve in leadership troops. This was due to lack of in-depth association on making decisions on critical matters that led to the My Lai massacre. Apart from which, there was also a lack in the number of applicants who would want to train for military service through college attendance or fatherland service because the Vietnam war drew a bad light on the hopes of producing well-trained and experienced career soldiers who would be put in the front lines. On the other hand, some of the l ong-term effects of the My Lai Massacre would be the change in the culture of military training. As the massacre pointed out the problems with the old military culture wherein the insistence of compulsory obedience is required and the doctrine of command responsibility to the lowest ranks is strictly followed, today, the military command landscape drastically changed (Bilton & Sim, 19

A lawsuit involving one or more tort claims Case Study

A lawsuit involving one or more tort claims - Case Study ExampleBrody Greens start who sued blitzkrieg for liability for the death of Mr. Green from an explosion of Blitz manufactured can when he poured gasoline into fire. Blitz won this case but was later ordered by the court to pay $250,000 to Mr. Greens nonplus for failing to provide documents related to flack arresters. The other case involved a father, Mr. Calder, of a 2-year doddery girl in Utah, who sued Blitz in 2010 for damages resulting from the death of his daughter when a can set off after he, David Calder, was pouring gasoline on the flame. In this case, the court ordered Blitz to pay David Calder $4 million. The article also mentions one case among 36 other cases against Blitz that atomic number 18 still kick in the case involves Chad Funchess, a volunteer fire fighter, from South Carolina whose half body was seriously burned when a can exploded in 2007, South Carolina when filling up a chain saw.Generally, the se suits claim that the Blitz manufactured cans were predisposed to flashback explosions resulting from gasoline vapors followed the trail of the vapor into the container and ignited. Therefore, they argue that, Blitz ought to have installed flame arrester shields at the containers mouth in order to prevent flashback explosions.This is a case of tort-liability lawsuit, in which plaintiffs are suing the defendant for damages, asking the court to award the compensation on the grounds that the defendants negligence resulted on injuries to them.These cases are under the state court although some of the cases-the case of Mr. Greens mother v. Blitz and that of David Calder v. Blitz-were heard a United States District Court, which are federal courts.As for the cases, Mr. Greens mother v. Blitz and that of David Calder v. Blitz, Chad Funchess v. Blitz were heard in federal courts because the courts had jurisdiction over the subject consequence of the cases as the plaintiffs in the said tw o cases did not share state of

Critically discuss the leadership and change management theories Essay

critic completelyy discuss the leadership and convince management theories indoors the case study - Essay ExampleBiogen Idec is a global biotechnology company that has transformed greatly in the past 25 years to sound one of the largest companies in the world. Through mergers with other companies, it has developed into a big company with presence in most parts of Europe and America. Currently, the company is on the verge of changing its operations in localise to improve the performance of the company. Managing variegate is an important aspect of the organization in order for them to remain agonistical by responding the market needs. The concept of organisational change and leadership management require a dish out of concern since any mistake may lead to big losses (Styhre, 2002 Charlton & Andrew, 2004). Organizations operate in increase competitive and chaotic global business environment and so it should form a major point of the business management. This is because there is complete evidence that about 70% of organizational changes fail to yield enough fruits as projected by the management (Burnes & Jackson, 2011). A properly structured organizational change should thus take full care of content, people, and process since they are the determinants of success or misery of such an inaugural (Myungweon, 2011). Leaders are the formulators and implements of any organizational change hence, they should be responsible for the success or failure of such initiatives (Aaron & Elizabeth, 2012). Leaders are also important to the change process since they bring in and develop an espousal culture of change in the organization and develop the ability to compass such as change as projected by the company (Northouse, 2012). Change Models Kotters 8 Steps The use of Kotters method is patent in the change undertaken by Biogen Idec Inc since they began their initial tonicity of organizational change by conducting research and creating importunity for change. In th is method, organization change can be effectively managed using a dynamic 8-step court that includes increase urgency, building grid teams, get the right vision, communicate for a buy in, enable action, create a short term win, dont let up, make it stick. The steps are bring forward divided into three phases whereby the first phase is creating a climate change the second phase is engaging and enabling the whole organization while the last step entails implementing and sustaining the change (Hayes, 2010). Creating urgency This is the first step of Kotters change model whereby he argues that creating urgency enables the members know what they really want and develop a sand of urgency around the need for change. In the case of Biogen Inc, the headquarters in Paris was responsible for all finance, legal, Human resources, and commercial activities of the organization, making the decisions slow and bureaucratic. The urgency created by the management is upon realization that this type of organizational structure is slowing decision making and at times leading to erroneous decisions. They thus undeniable a structural model that can quicken decision making of the managerial functions to avoid several(prenominal) errors that may inhibit the development of the company. Creating urgency helps spark the initial motivation of the workers so that they respond by getting things moving in the direction of change. It involves showing people the poor performance of the organization and increased competition that threatens the existence of the company. Kotter (2012) argues that about three quarters of the organization management needs to support the change initiative for it to be successful hence, the need for creating urgency must be very strong. Form a powerful coalition After the worker have seen the need for change, they need to work together to achieve these desired changes. This step involves convincing people that change is necessary and it encompasses strong governan ce and sustenance from individuals within the organization. In order to influence the process of change within the organi

Akutagawa, Kesa and Morito Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Akutagawa, Kesa and Morito - Essay ExampleIt seems from his arguments that nuptials ceremony and morality be alternative beats of the same heart. Apparently marriage is being hailed as a respectable cordial relationship, hardly the ground realities are different. The demanding society acts as the vigilant guard over the male and womanish searching for a perfect bond. If during the personal interaction any one of them does not come up to the expectations of the other and opposite sex will dismiss the concerned individual as an unbefitting partner. Oscar Wilde scrutinizes the mold of Victorian societys impracticable prospects on the concerned human being in The immenseness of Being Earnest presenting how elimination process in marriage proposals whether from a potential partner or society as a whole, can end up with deception and practice of duplicity in life in order to meet the demanding conventions. The Nature of Marriage Oscar Wilde, true to his genius and writing fashion creates deliberate confusion about the institution of marriage. The opening dialogue between Algernon and his butler Lane is a discussion between the two regarding the nature of marriage and they have arguments and counterarguments whether at the proposal stage of the marriage it should be considered as business of pleasure. Wilde is using the literary weapon of satire from the beginning itself, as the discussion is not between two intellectuals or philosophers but amongst two ordinary individuals. Lady Brackwell considers the issue from the mental point of view of the girl to be married. For her, it is the emotional issue. Pardon me, you are not engaged to anyone. When you do become engaged to someone, I, or your father, should his health permit him, will inform you of the fact. An engagement should come on a young girl as a surprise, winning or unpleasant, as the case may be. It is hardly a matter that she could be allowed to arrange for herself . . . (Act I) Lady Bracknell do es emphasize the element of surprise but the real issue in her statement is something else. It indicates that the girl to be married has no choice, as per the well-disposed traditions in the Victorian Age and as such the event of engagement may be pleasant or unpleasant for the girl, as she is not a party in the selection of her life-partner. The finalization of the marriage proposal is an elaborate process. All secular issues related to the suitability of the groom are taken into note as per the traditionalist approach and fascinations of the Victorian decorum most importantly like social standing, earnings and character. The options are kept handy and Lady Bracknell has the list of prospective bachelors and a detailed questionnaire to which she questions Jack and they interrelate to the expectations about the nature -and purpose of marriage. It is not an easy-going interaction for the prospective bachelor offering himself for marriage, and he has to go through an elaborate and intricate procedure of

Social capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Social groovy - Essay ExampleSocial cope in relation with Social enceinte11 finding....13Introduction Social capital values the social network, makes the social bond between the similar hatful and bridges the gap between the diverse people through the reciprocity norms. Most of the scholars have express that social capital is the goodwill that people has towards us and thus it is a valuable resource. The study has discussed about(predicate) the concept of social capital and its signifi roll in the hayce in the present time. The study discusses that social capital rouse only be gained through individual social relations with other people or groups. by means of the help of different methodologies, its analyzed that in what manner the social capital can be considered, metrical and how important it is for individual or group to retain. By explaining social capital the researcher has focused on its effects that flow through the available information, influence, and solidarity tha t is available with the individual. The main fundamental point is that how people interact with each other that formulate the social capital. Through the help of example on the social issue it has been explored how important is social capital in society and how social issues are interlinked with social capital. The study has been manakin to discuss about every aspect of social capital and revealed its effectiveness on individual.Social capital ... The study has been framework to discuss about every aspect of social capital and revealed its effectiveness on individual. Social capital The term social capital has been highly popular in the recent age and has been associated with several features related to the policy making central to public issues and policy making. Referring to the factors related to the topic the features alike norms and networks, trust, corruption, economic growth and good government needs to be discussed. The term social capital can be defined as the ability of individuals and groups to work together for a common cause in groups and organizations (Smith 2009). Social Capital includes relationships, institutions, and different norms that provide structure to quantity and quality of social interaction of the society. increase number of evidences has shown that social cohesion is very important for the societies in order to prosper economically and for maintaining sustainability in the development. Social capital is not just a group of institutions rather it a glue that holds the groups together. on that point are two concepts related to Social capital Horizontal links Social capital is regarded as set of horizontal links among the people that covers the social networks and linked norms that has impacted the productivity of the community and intimately being. Social network can even enhance the productivity through reducing the business be and it also facilities the cooperation and coordination. In the horizontal link the Social capital h as networks or groups, parochial communities, and secluded, functioning at the cross-purpose to the combined interest of the society and even hinder the social and economic development. Vertical and Horizontal connect Social

Current trends in Mental health Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Current trim downs in Mental health - Assignment ExampleBefore a discussion of the current topic can be started, it is great first to adequately define genial illness. Mental illness is defined by the Mental wellness Act as a health condition which changes a persons thinking, feelings, or demeanor (or all three) and that causes the person distress and difficulty. It also includes various health conditions which are defined by defects of the individuals normal cognitive, emotional, and behavioural functions, and caused by social, genetic, and psychological factors, including infection or head trauma. to a lower place the explosive charge Programme Approach, these health conditions have to be adequately evaluated in the patient and a forge of carefulness efficiently established. The current rationalize chosen by the author is the Care Programme Approach. The Care Programme Approach or the CPA was first established in England for individuals with mental illnesses, referred to p sychiatric professionals. This create mentally requires Health Authorities, in coordination with Social Services Departments, to establish specific arrangements for the care of mentally ill patients in the community setting (CPA, 2011). This programme has four main considerations or aspects assessment, a care plan, a happen upon worker, and regular review (CPA, 2011). Assessment basically includes the orderly processes implemented in the assessment of the health inescapably of the individuals admitted with specialist mental health needs a care plan includes the plan identified in relation to health social considerations key workers are those who coordinate the plan and delivery of patient care and finally, standard review is the standard and scheduled evaluation processes, as well as the changes needed in the care plan. (CPA, 2011). Changes in the CPA came about in 2008, the CPA established a fresh entree in mental health care which described the approach used in alternative me ntal health care in order to assess, plan, and coordinate treatments and raise needs for individuals in contact with secondary mental health services who have severe mental health issues (Department of Health, 2008a). It is considered an approach more than a system because the manner by which activities are carried out is as crucial as the actual activities themselves. sensitive qualities of those who would need CPA support include those individuals who require multi-agency support active engagement, intense intervention support with dual diagnosis and those who have a higher risk for acquiring mental health issues (DoH, 2008a). This new trend abolished the two-tier system of Standard or Enhanced CPA and discarded the single-tier system. The main goals of this new trend were to eliminate or minimize bureaucracy by removing from the system those who did not have as some health needs. It also came about because the CPA used to include patients whose needs could be covered at a l ower place standard care (treatment provided within secondary mental health services, for patients not requiring the support of the CPA). The new trend or provisions of the CPA established that CPA would no longer be used in order to describe the usual system of provision of mental health services to those with more simple needs in secondary mental health services (DoH, 2008a). In effect, in instances when the service drug user has specified needs and can contact one agency, then he must be allowed to do so and that agency would be considered responsible for him. No formal

A Customer who Has Language Barrier that Someone Has Trouble Understan Essay

A Customer who Has Language Barrier that Someone Has Trouble Understanding English - Essay ExampleThis would excogitate loyal following among its customers who are foreign speakers many of which are big make passers. Customer service bunghole also be easily facilitated if reps can understand the language of the customer. For the customers, this would be a wonderful eff for them to be truly understood by the pedigree where they make their purchases. This would surely develop a firm following among the foreign segment of the market.3. Include cultural sensitivity training to front liners. There is a significant portion of Macys customers who are of foreign origin like me. This would tremendously improve their customer interaction and ultimately customer satisfaction leading to repeat and loyal customers. This would also separate Macys from the competition is a more customer-oriented retail store. Macy would also have the benefit of widening its customer instal to include foreign ers and international students like me.Describe insights you gained by carrying out this shopping trip under the consumer habit you adopted. What occurred to you that youve never thought about before? How do these insights affect the way you think about consumer behaviors and portion consumer markets? Besides the shopper with the specific situation you were assigned, who else might benefit from changes to a store that would better accommodate that figure of shopper?This trip made me realized that customer service is, in fact, a science that retail stores spend time, money and effort to become good at. Reflecting on it, I understand why because if the product and set are the same or even slightly higher, I would tend to buy at the store where I was taken good cared of or had the better customer flummox. The store would also benefit from this experience as customers become more conscious of their shopping experience and are likely to provide feedback which could function them im prove their products and service.

Professional Development in the Early Reading First Essay

Professional Development in the Early Reading First - Essay prototypeIn particular, the teachers in the treatment base gave a specific response to implementing, modifying and extending the PD program. Rochelle and McGee (2011, p. 167) revealed that the treatment group achieved a mean score of 93.8 compared to the control group mean score of 82.3. Further, 67% of students belonging to the treatment group met the Government Per figureance Reporting Act guidelines of achieving a language rating of at least(prenominal) 85 compared to only 40% for the control group (Dail and McGee, 2011, p. 167). Summarizing the results of their experience as project directors, Dial and McGee (2011, p. 168) reason that a PD approach in drill is associated with success. Carlisle et al. (2011) compared three models of professional development (PD) in reading among first grades and concluded that supporting teacher through seminars, evaluation, and coaching work best in spark advance teachers towards effective instructions among first graders. In the process of sharing their results, the authors pointed out that professional development in reading is the best means of improving teachers competence in content areas that result into an improvement of instructions (Carlisle et al., 2011, p. 13). According to the authors, effective professional development in reading is characterized by deep subject function knowledge as well as knowledge on how students learn content, commitment, course coherence and integration, connection and active learning, and institutional and professional support (Carlisle et al., 2011, p. 214). The authors cited several cases that indicate that reading instructions are prosperous if a professional development approach is used. For instance, according to the authors, the PD initiative among 17 poverty and low-achieving schools in Washington and Houston as carried by B. Foorman and L. Moats has been considered by the authors as very successful. One import ant argument forwarded by Carlisle et al. (2011, p. 230) is that PD is successful because teachers respond well to the approach. In a commissi unitaryd study in 2005-06, one of the research questions which the U.S. Department of Education was to find out the effects of professional development on student reading achievement (NCEERA or National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2009, p. 1). The study sedulous an experimental design in testing the effectiveness of professional development interventions in over 90 schools in six districts involving 270 teachers and 5,500 students (p. 1). The schools were randomly and equally assigned to an institute group, institute plus coaching group, and a control which received the usual professional development implemented in the district (NCEERA, 2009, p. 1). Some of the come upon findings of the commissioned research are as follows. First, teachers who were randomly assigned to avail professional development form institu tes scored significantly higher on teachers knowledge compared with those in the control group.

The Mother by Gwendolyn Brooks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

The Mother by Gwendolyn Brooks - Essay ExampleThe poem provides an acumen into what a mother actu onlyy experiences after an abortion and the extent of love that a mother has for her children notwithstanding the fact that she never gave birth to them.Gwendolyn Brooks marks the theme of the poem in its very outset line which states that an abortion for a mother is an experience of her spiritedness that she can never get everyplace with. The first stanza deals with the emotions of the mother in which a mother is explaining about the things that she would never be able to do since she does not have children. The women is presenting with motherly activities that she is longing to perform but would never be able to do that. This can be seen in these lines, You will never neglect or beat them, or dummy up or buy with a sweet. She is clearly presenting that she would not be able to nurture children due to the abortion which includes looking after them, feeding them and being with the m alone the time. This shows her remorse over her incapability of performing all the activities with a child that is the desire of every mother.In the next stanza she explains that she understands that she has actually stolen away the rights of children who would have been worry other beings in this world and performed all the worldly activities. They would have enjoyed this world and would have started their journey of life like other people which begins with being a helpless child till the time that he grows up and gets engaged in a relationship up to the end of his life when he reaches his deathbed. She knows that she has killed a human life which would have actually developed emotions, feelings and sensations if they had been given the chance to do so. But with all regret she tries to provide an explanation that at that point of her life she had no other choice. She justifies herself with these words, Believe that flush in my

Case study. Ethical Dilemmas in Allen's Family Term Paper

Case study. ethical Dilemmas in Allens Family - Term Paper ExampleApparent ethical dilemmas challenging Allens family are shore leave and humanity. Autonomy invites an idea of liberty of option. Autonomys context avails the patients with the right of adopting their preference in matters regarding treating. Beneficence involves the idea of initiating the best practices for solving patients condition (Harding, 2010). This mainly advocates for being good to the patients to help oneself them emerge out of their situations. Although these terms advocates for imperative ideas, they presents dilemma in care procedures.The Dilemma of AutonomyA chief actor unveiling the dilemma of autonomy is Clifford Allen. Allens is scuffling with a condition of depression. His condition has a medical ascendant but he is not ready to seek assistance. According to Allen, his condition is a weakness but not a sickness and he claims to have a personal solution to his problem. He only takes medications fo r other conditions for instance, he frequently visits a physician for his BPH tests but he never discusses his depression problem. This implicates a stern challenge since understanding the right option to adopt becomes difficult. The autonomy principle allows Allen a choice of defining his fate by the virtue that he has a dingy mind (Harding, 2010). However, taking medication seems a better solution to Allens problem. ... This creates a dilemma on the matter. Additionally, Pamela case reveals the idea clearly. Pamela presents a similar case as one with her husband. She constantly refuses to take chemotherapy and radiation therapy prescriptions until her condition worsen. She feels that chemotherapy is not a good option for her condition. However, this is not the case because her health improves comfortably aft(prenominal) accepting the interposition. This implies that, subscribing chemotherapy was an ideal option for her condition but since Pamela has rights of choice according to autonomy postulate, imposing treatment is not justifiable. This develops the stand of autonomy as an ethical predicament. Importantly, Allen fails to uphold an initiative of autonomy. He is a dupe of supremacy intricate. Allen himself refuses to take treatment because of his reasons however, he strongly disputes the idea of his married woman refusal of chemotherapy. He fails to remember that his wife also has a freedom of determining his fate. Consequently, he hates Pamela and he is not willing to relate with her stand. therefore this position augments his depression hitch hence posing challenges to his health. A clear understanding and critical manipulation of the dilemma presented by the concept of autonomy would create a better environment in which they could substantially fight their problems. Beneficence Dilemma Numerous aspects in the family depicts beneficence dilemma. The spirit of adopting good practices to assist patients sometimes present challenging situations. Pame la presents a good paradigm of the impact of the idea of beneficence. She has risky determinations in ensuring her family overcomes their challenges. She discontinue her job to take care for her son. Moreover, she is very sensitive on her husbands condition.

Physiological vs. Technological birth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Physiological vs. Technological stimulate - Essay ExampleBefore a choice is made, one however has to analyze the pros and cons associated with both the modal(prenominal) physiological route of speech and technology assisted cesarean section (Lowden, 2002 Cohen, 2003).In an age where duration is considered equivalent to money it is not surprising when people opt for quicker and also pain-free delivery procedures rather than time-consuming vaginal ones. Many m separates also have a constant fear closely the passage of a baby through the birth canal and a caesarean section prevents all these anxieties. to boot the oozing of the amniotic fluid, excretion of human wastes in some cases, sweat and tears which are unremarkably associated with formula vaginal birth is also avoided. In other words, a c-section ensures a much clean and hygienic delivery in keeping up with the modern trend. While these are the pros associated with a c-section, one should also consider the after-effects o f such a procedure. The procedure does ensure a pain-free delivery, however, post-op in that location are several problems which have to be overcome by the mother. The pain after a c-section persists for a while and the mother would have to take pain killers and in case they have an transmittance they will have to take more drugs to control them. There is also the burden of the scar remaining from the surgery which would present for quite a long time. The time taken to recover is more compared to that of normal pregnancies and hence such mothers cannot get into their routine for quite some time. Thus if the mother has other miserable children it would be quite a task to manage them. Above all, the risk of maternal death is elevated in cesarean sections as compared to vaginal deliveries. The presence of a scar or any other tissues after delivery can also lead to other problems such as bowel obstructions or infertility and might affect subsequent pregnancies. Moreover research al so states that cesarean mothers are

Macroeconomic Problems and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Macro economicalal Problems and Analysis - Essay Example agree to his published article, Phillips posited that when unemployment rate fell, inflation tended to rise and vice-versa, thus, the apparent get in touch between these economic factors. (Cobham, 1998)However, with the recent economic trends, economists of various countries noted that rugged inflation can, in fact, coexist with low unemployment rate (Oliver, 1999). Such spy trend is deemed to be contrary to the hypothesis of Phillips.This authorship discusses the inflation and unemployment rate trend in Australia from 1994 to 2004. The paper aims to provide an explanation as to why the Phillips Hypothesis is regarded as an insufficient or inapplicable similarly to be used in analysing the relationship between the two economic factors.For over 40 years, the link between inflation and unemployment has been intensely debated upon by economists all over the world (Oliver, 1999). They hypothesis postulated by Phillips has bee n subjected to innumerous criticisms regarding its ability to explain the inflation-unemployment relation. For instance, in the 1970s, the Phillips thin out fell short of elucidating why many countries experienced stagflation - an economic condition characterised by high level of unemployment coupled with high level of inflation (Wikipedia, 2005).With this, new theories emerged to kick downstairs illustrate the observed link between inflation and unemployment levels. One of the most notable is the theory on non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) or the natural rate of unemployment. Based on this theory, the short term Phillips curve is negatively sloping showing the inverse relationship between unemployment (on the x-axis) and inflation (on the y-axis). (Samuelson & Nordhaus, 2001)On the another(prenominal) hand, the farseeing run Phillips curve is vertical, wherein only the natural rate of unemployment was consistent with stable inflation rate as expectations of market players change. In this regard, no trade-off is seen between inflation and unemployment in the long run. However, this theory is critiqued callable to the difficulty in determining the natural unemployment rate. (Levacic & Rebmann, 1982)Another theory, which is influential in explaining the inflation-unemployment linkage, is the one postulated by Milton Friedman. He argued that the Phillips curve is formed due to money illusion such that the price inflation fooled businesses into perceiving that there is quest surge. As such, they hire more people, thus, decreasing the unemployment rate. Friedmans theory asserted that inflation tends to precede drops in unemployment quite an than follow it. (Oliver, 1999)Other economists believe that, contrary to Friedmans theory, low unemployment raises bargaining power of workers. Given this, they tend to force for higher nominal wages resulting in cost-push inflation. Employers then would raise prices to remain within targeted profi t level. (Wikipedia, 2005)Inflation-Unemployment relation back - The Case of AustraliaThe theories discussed only addressed scenarios in which stagflation occurs and when inflation and unemployment behave inversely. In the case of Australia and in other OECD countries as well, particularly in the 1990s to early 2000s, the robust output growth and prevailing low unemployment rate are coupled with low inflation. The growing Australian

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Management - Essay ExampleC). strategic decisions of an makeup want to ensure its economic goals kindred profit maximization, volume, and the growth of organization. These decisions are largely influenced by their employees, customers and other stakeholders.Study of business ethics can be seen from different direction of business. moving in morality relates to the need of honorable values in business decisions and plans. Ethics is also relevant in the consideration of corporate province of an organization. Each organization has its own responsibilities to the society. Business ethics is a feeling of pact to consider other human beings who are directly and indirectly involved in business activities. Business ethics also relates with good behavior of organization. Business ethics can also be deemed as an organizations ability to ensure ethical value in its corporate decisions. The business dodging of each organization should depend on their ethical views as such decisions affec t various stakeholders. An organizations responsibility to these stakeholders differs on the basis of its objectives. Example An organizations responsibility to its owner is do maximum profit and minimizing the cost. It further aims to ensure the growth and value of the business, the manager want to satisfy this responsibility at the same time they want to continue other responsibilities to the society, government, customer, employees etc. In this context whole managers find themselves placed in a dilemma to take proper decision so that ethical decisions and corporate objectives stay in tandem with each other.This study aims to discuss about the problem of organizations well-disposed performance and economic performance. Economic performance is dealing with an organizations main objective like making profit, generating revenue and reducing cost. On the other hand, the social performance of an organization pertains

Pancraititis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pancraititis - Essay eventPancreatitis is the result of an inappropriate release of trypsin, which results in a wide variety of digestion enzymes activating, including autodigestion of the pancreas which causes ardour, as well as bleeding and can damage the pancreas extensively. Anti-inflammatory agents are released by the body to try and mediate the inflammation of the pancreas. When this happens, other organs can become dysfunctional. In the worst cases, kidney (renal) failure whitethorn occur, the patient may go into shock, or acute respiratory distress syndrome, or ARDS, can occur.The discovery of the mechanisms that cause exocrine gland parenchyma to lessen has not yet been discovered yet. How pancreatic acinar and ductal cells occur has not yet been discovered though a lot of effort has been put in to establish the facts. A lot of ideas stupefy been presented by different pathologists on pancreatitis but n one of them has seriously been absorbed ((Shrikhande et.al., n.d). Though there is one concept that has been adopted by these doctors. They claim that if alcohol is consumed in large quantities, it leads to a reduced output of lithostatin responsible for the stability of pancreatic juice. This then restricts the formation of protein plugs. It is this restriction of the formation of protein plugs that causes this ailment.According to Cheema and Aldeen (2010), there are two levels of pancreatitis mild, and severe. Mild pancreatitis is defined as a localized reaction. According to Cheema and Aldeen, Mild pancreatitis occurs in roughly 80% of patients, is self-limited, and resolves without complication (p 1). The remaining 20% of the patients with pancreatitis will develop severe pancreatitis. What this means is that the occurrence of the disease resolves without complication or major medical intervention. On the other hand, severe pancreatitis is diagnosed by the presence of complicating factors. In severe

Criminal Law & Immigration Law, Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Criminal Law & Immigration Law, - Research Paper ExampleIn addition, whereas reprehensible law is under the powers of the states, in-migration law is normally under the powers of the federal administration. With considerable and constant interactions, disenfranchised questions arises, such as, what degree does criminal law impact immigration law? Do their functions in influencing immigration continue to overlap? This paper exit critically examine the interaction of criminal law and immigration law.In most cases, the most crucial issue that face noncitizen (undocumented immigrants) defendants charged with committing a law-breaking is whether when convicted and sentenced for the nuisance, will result in some certain provisions contained in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), that will lead in his deportation from the US. Usually noncitizen defendants do not understand how critical this reckon is until it turns out to be too late. The present provisions of immigration law make the consequences for committing a law-breaking to be very severe. Noncitizens, who are convicted of seemingly minor offences such as theft, can face devastate consequences.The moment they are convicted and sentenced, noncitizens could face such severe consequences such as direct deportation, being for good barred from returning to the US and a likely indefinite detention by the Immigration and springer Enforcement authorities, regardless of the duration he has lived in the US, the family ties he has, or if he is legally in the US. In addition, the most of the noncitizen offenders are not represent during their immigration proceedings. As pointed out by baseball club and Minderhoud (2006) many of them are kept in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) facilities in the course of their proceedings.When noncitizen commits crime, an aggravated crime he may be deported. As explained by Guild and Minderhoud (2006) the effect of an aggravated crime

Treat and Identify Bipolar disorder Essay Example for Free

Treat and Identify bipolar dis guild EssayThesis Statement bipolar perturbation is a unsoundness that roots from the genes and upbringing of the conjure ups with their kids. This disorder house be brought until adulthood and greatly affects the social, emotional, psychosocial life of the concerned individual.Introduction Over the centuries, authorities thrust distinguished a variety of psychological disorders, each characterized by its own set of symptoms. Hippocrates devised the first system for classifying psychological disorders, which include mania or excitement, melancholia or severe depression, phrenitis or disorganized thinking. In 1883 German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin devised the first forward-looking classification system, combining Hippocrates categories of mania and melancholia into a disorder called Manic notion. Today Manic Depression is called bipolar Disorder (Hirschfeld, 1999). A Biblical story describes how King Saul stripped off his clothes in public, exhibited alternating bouts of elation and severe depression, and eventually committed suicide. Though the story attributes his behavior to evil spirits, psychologists magnate attribute it to a Bipolar Disorder. A Bipolar disorder, is formerly called manic depression, is characterized by days or weeks of mania alternating with capaciouser periods of major depression, typically separated by days or weeks of general vagarys. Mania, from the Greek term for madness is characterized by euphoria, hyperactivity, grandiose ideas, incoherent talkativeness, unrealistic, optimism and inflated self- esteem. Manics are sexually, physically and financially reckless. They may also oerestimate their own abilities, perhaps leading them to make rush business deals or to leave a sedentary job to train for the Olympics. At few time in their lives, most 1 percent of adults ware a bipolar disorder, which is equally common in males and females (Spitzer et al., 2001).Discussion The Biopsychologic al stall Mood disorders have a biological basis, apparently moldd by heredity. Identical twins have higher(prenominal) concordance rates for major depression and bipolar disorder. Identical twins have the same communicable inheritance this provides evidence of a hereditary predisposition to develop snappishness disorders Some of the evidence for a hereditary basis of bipolar disorder has been provided by a study of the Amish community in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Because the Amish have a culturally and genetically isolated community, only marrying among themselves, they provide an excellent opportunity to study the influence of heredity on psychological disorders. more(prenominal)over, there must be other mechanism for the inheritance of Bipolar Disorder because other studies of families in which Bipolar Disorder follows a hereditary pattern have failed to ferret out a genetic marker on the eleventh chromosome. The hereditary predisposition to develop mood disorders ma y manifest itself by its effect on neurotransmitters. Major depression is related to abnormally low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. Serotonin seems to moderate norepinephrines relationship to both mania and major depression. Mania is associated with a combination of low levels of serotonin and high levels of norepinephrine (American psychiatric Association, 2003) The Psychoanalytic standstill The traditional Psychoanalytic viewpoint holds that the loss of a parent or rejection by a parent in early childhood predisposes the individual to experience depression whenever he or she suffers a face-to-face loss, such as a job or a lover, late r in life. Because the kid feels it is unacceptable to express anger at the lost or rejecting parent, the child learns to turn anger on himself or herself, creating feelings of guilt and self- loathing. The Behavioral Viewpoint Behavioral explanations pf depression stresses the role of learning and environmental factors. On of the most influential behavioral theories of depression is Peter Lewinsohns Reinforcement theory, which assumes that depressed battalion insufficiency the social skills needed to gain normal social reinforcement from others and may, instead, provoked negative reactions from them. For example, depressed people stimulate less smiling, a few(prenominal)er statements of support, more unpleasant facial expressions, and more negative remarks from other than do nondepressed people (Wallace, 2000). The Humanistic Viewpoint Those who favor the Humanistic viewpoint attribute depression to the frustration of self- actualization. More specifically, depressed people suffer from incongruence between their actual self and their saint self. The actual self is the soulfulness subjective appraisal of his or her own qualities. The ideal self is the persons subjective assessment of the person he or she would like to become. If the actual self has qualities that are too distinct from those of the ideal self, the person becomes depressed (Wallace, 2000). Mania and the Bipolar emotive Disorders Before considering the symptoms of mania, we must point out that few individuals who experience mania seem to avoid depression. Much more frequently an episode of mania is associated with one and only(a) or more episodes of severe depression. Because of this, when one or more episodes of mania are manifested but no depressions have been present, the individual is still given a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder. A arrogance is made that sometime in the future a major depressive episode will occur. That such a depressive episode will always occur (Spitzer et al., 2001). Manic Behavior The typical signs of Mania involve a period when an individual is curiously elated and expansive, and much irritable when frustrated. The manic mood usually fluctuates over time.Mood The manic has been described as on a natural high. Mood is euphoric and cheerful. The person practically feels tha t anything is possible if only one puts ones mind to the task. Great plans are much made, and if these plans are disrupted by external frustration, the mood may change to one of anger and peevishness (Wallace, 2000).Thought In a manic phase, the individual ha san overwhelmingly positive self image. tenet in one owns abilities are boundless, and expectations of success are unrealistic. Failure is blamed on others, problems are denied and Manics often insist they have never felt better, thought clearer, or been more powerful. As the mania becomes more pronounced, there may be delusions of grandiosity beliefs that one has special powers or talents. Hallucinations may occur, and usually lie in of voices telling the person that he or she ha special mission or ability.Behavior In manic episode, the individuals energy seems boundless. Often only a few hours sleep is mandatory per night. The individual may be real active, planning many events, taking on new duties, maturation new rela tionships. Vacations may be started only to be broken off so that the individual can return to work. There may be buying sprees, high risk money investments, and hyper sexuality.Behaviorally, the individual appears supercharged. Judgment is often impaired. Dress may become bizarre, and women may apply their makeup in unusual and odd ways, using strange colors that make them appear to be wearing war paint. A notable characteristic of manic behavior is speech that is loud and rapid, as if spewing out under some internal pressure. The manic may manifest flight of ideas, a continuous stream of speech may become disorganized, and the individual may be extremely distractible by environmental stimuli (American Psychiatric Association, 2003).Bipolar Affective Disorders When the mood swings of the Bipolar Disorder are mild, the behavior is called Cyclothymic Disorder.Major Bipolar Affective DisorderIn Bipolar disorder, mixed, the manic and depressive mood and behaviors alternate. The indiv idual goes from one extreme to the other with periods of normal mood in between. It is obvious that a major feature of the bipolar disorder is the change from one mood extreme to another.III. Treatments Biological TreatmentsElectroconvulsive TherapyAn electric current is applied to the patients brain in order to reduce seizures. The manifestations of the seizures are softened by the use of muscle- relaxant drugs and the patient is also given a drug which results in unconsciousness to avoid the unpleasant and often frightening experience of the treatment. ECT appears to be effective with major depressions. It lifts depression rapidly within days or weeks. This is advantageous when there is a plan for a suicide. Although it has adverse effects like significant memory impairment, which may be long lasting and also depression may recur.Drug Therapy The use of chemical compounds to treat affective disorders is very common. The unipolar disorders are typically treated with drugs of the tr icyclic class like anti ataraxics which increase the availability of noradrenaline in the synaptic cleft. A commonly used tricyclic drug is named Elavil. Bipolar disorders are often treated with both tricyclic and lithium, depending upon whether the individual is depressed or in a manic phase. erst the individuals mood has been changed by the chemical, the drug may continue to be taken for criminal maintenance purposes.When an individual manifest a bipolar affective disorder and is in a depressive episode, the anti depressant drugs are sometimes used to lift the mood, but this sometimes precipitates a manic episode. The bipolar disorder is most commonly treated today through the administration of lithium carbonate. Many studies indicate that this lithium salt is highly effective in reducing the misinformd mood of mania in some 80 percent of the persons who take it. After having been used for mania, lithium was discovered to have some avail for the depressive episodes in bipola r disorders and in recurrent unipolar disorders (Hirschfeld, 1999).The Psychological ApproachesPsychological approaches o the affective disorders, including traditional psychotherapy and the cognitive and behavioral therapies, have focused on the unipolar depressions and especially on the non insane depressions.Dynamic PsychotherapyTreating severe depression with psychotherapy is a difficult task. Such patients rarely have enough energy to participate actively in an interpersonal interchange with a therapist.Behavior TherapyIn spite of its high incidence, bipolar disorder has received little attention from behavioral clinicians. However, if it is due to a reduction in reinforcement, one approach to the problem would be to teach a patient to demand in activities that is more self- reinforcing. Another approach is to train the individual to behave in ways that maximize the likelihood of reinforcement.Cognitive TherapyThe behavior therapies mentioned involve the modification of cogni tions, for example, the belief that one is helpless to change oneself or to control the environment. It focuses on modifying the erroneous, irrational cognitions held by depressed individuals. These persons have predominately negative view of themselves they are self- blaming, exaggerate external problems, devalue themselves, and are pessimistic about their future. Cognitive therapy intervenes with this through a variety of techniques. Therapy is coordinate an directive, and usually short term. The therapists used behavioral techniques, which include planning productive activities and scheduling potentially pleasant events, to break the mania (Wallace, 2001). ReferencesAmerican Psychiatric Association, (2003). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (6th Ed.). Washington, DC Author.Beck, A. T. Depression Clinical, Experimental and Theoretical Aspects. New York Harper and Row, Publishers.Hirschfeld, R. M. A., Cross, C.K. (1999). Epidemiology of effective disorders. Psychosocial risk factors. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 35-46.Spitzer et al., (2001). DSM-III case nurse A learning companion to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Ed). Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association.Wallace, E., IV. (2000). What is truth? Some philosophical contributions to psychiatric issues. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 137-147

Dream of the Red Chamber Essay Example for Free

Dream of the Red Chamber EssayIn the start chapter, the former first writes more(prenominal) or less the origin of the stone. Then it comes to the very end of the story and writes a conversation between the stone and the Taoist called Vanitas. Next, it starts to talk approximately the story which first starts with the decline of Shi-yin Zhens family.When reading the origin of the stone, I pay off the description of the stone provides me with a great sense of mystery, which keeps me reading forward. Maybe it is because the stone is of magic index which makes it unreal from the reality. However, the story rules in the real world. As a result, it forces me to read and explore what will happen if the unreal meets with the real. Then it continues to write close to the conversation between the stone and Taoist after non-finite aeons. The conversation suggests a lot of clues about the whole book. According to the self description of the stone, the storys main theme is love, a nd purpose of this story is to record the real events and make those who indulge in the amorousness aware of their wrongdoing. Although it gives some clues to the story, but it never gives the detail to readers.Thus, it is just like it gives you soul of the book, but it never gives the port or skin of the book, which makes the reader know something about the book but not everything about it. Consequently, as one of the readers, there is no doubt that I want to get to know more about the book. It is very surprising that the whole story starts with the tragedy of Shi-yin Zhens family. Personally, I myself very grieve him. Before I read the book, I thought the book should be very light and knowing since it was a book about love among young boys and girls. It is widely acknowledged that the first impression about one thing will keep affecting your view for a long time.Maybe the agent wants to suggest something about the later story, so he writes such a tragedy and makes the atmosph ere distressing and dark. Shi-yin is a good man who helped Yu-cun. He does not deserve such misfortune. Maybe it is the Fate that the author wants to focus on. Anformer(a) feature that I find in the first chapter is that Taoist and monk a great deal appear in the context. In my impression towards Taoist, such kind of people, who are totally different with the fair ones, have higher-level thoughts towards the world.They ever have deeper thoughts towards everything. I am quite confused by the frequently appearance of Taoist. Is it very common at that time to have Taoist or is there any other reason? What does the author want to express with the use of Taoist? According to my point of view, maybe he wants to compare the Taoist and the ordinary people to emphasis what ordinary people do are always secular and profane, which is because they lack of the understanding of the true life and indulge in the real material world. The first chapter tells us much and also leaves many unsolved questions which force us to explore the coif by reading the rest of the book. I will keep on reading and figure out the answer myself.

Native Americans Essay Example for Free

Native Americans EssayThesis postulatement A city of respective(a) religion, rich history and fast-paced developing economy, Memphis Tennessee continues to gain respect from locals and tourists a same(p). Introduction With nearly 700, 00 estimated population Memphis is Tennessees largest city, and the 19th largest city all throughout the United States. With answers rooted from the early 16th Century, populace name continues to multiply with an interesting collaboration of white, black and Native Americans, even Asians and other races as per demographics.Strategically placed at the center of the state, Memphis continues to target commerce from both the shipping and transportation industries. Innovations in infrastructure, interesting cause for recreation and a home to reputable educational institutions makes Memphis inviting enough for permanent settlement. 1. History and Geography a. History- in the first place inhabited by native American Indians in the 16th Century, set tlement around the river had been distracted by a number of explorers, evasion of union forces and presence of epidemics like the yellow fever.Emerging from the uncomplicated Mississippian state is a city with vast social, cultural and economic contributions to the state. b. Geography This city bounded at the southeastward of Tennessee has a humid, subtropical climate with four distinctive seasons. Interesting terrains around the 296. 35 square knot territory include parks all over the city and notable transportation aides like freight railroads. 2. Economy and Government a. Economy Even before Memphis has been officially founded, it was already hailed as an fundamental location for commerce, exchanges and travel.Up to date, economy within the city continues to evolve as transportation industry booms, enjoyment and film industry continues to expand and Fortune companies continue to invest. For these achievements, Memphis has been awarded by Inc. magazine in 2000 as the ordin al out of fifty best major U. S areas for business. b. Government Memphis has a Mayor and council form of government which originated in 1960s. 3. People A greater number of African/Black American occupies the city though there percentages of white Americans, Asian and Latinos.A home of different beliefs, the city of Memphis welcomes differences in congregation and denomination. 4. civilisation and the Arts Home to musical legend Elvis Presley, Memphis locals had also been the founders of various music genres making it good enough to be tagged as Birthplace of the Blues and Birthplace of Rock and Roll. A rich collaboration of culture and the arts makes the city an interesting destination of travel and recreation. 5. Tourism and fun Economic advances and cultural distinctiveness plays a major role in the rise of tourism in the city.Surrounded by art galleries, parks and museums Memphiss interactive recreation makes it wizard of the states finest destination site. A typical cit y rooted from rich history, developed to progress as one of the States finest, Memphis, an urbanized territory in South Tennessee continues to emerge as a festering metropolitan. With residents increasing in sufficient number, economy rearing to be at par with United States top commerce, with welcoming variety of race, religion and belief Memphis retains reliable statistics and reputable reasons why settlement and livelihood in this city is note-worthy.Bibliography Memphis, Tennessee. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 24 August 2010. Web. 25 August 2010. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee History of Memphis. city of Memphis, 2010. Retrieved 25 August 2010. http//www. cityofmemphis. org//framework. aspx? page=296 Memphis, Tennessee. City-data. com. Advameg, Inc, 2010. Web. Retrieved August 25, 2010. http//www. city-data. com/city/Memphis-Tennessee. html

Trading Strategies Essay Example for Free

Trading Strategies EssayThe Dutch Tulip Boom (1636-1637)The tulips, a beautiful flower usu onlyy associated with the Netherlands be flowers that have a very notorious frugal story in that country. The tulip is not a native Dutch flower. Like many other products in western sandwich Europe, such as the potato and tobacco, tulips came to the Netherlands from another part of the world. Tulip was introduced to the Dutch on the year 1593.It was state that the tulip was prototypical seen by Europeans in Turkey. Scholars now deal that the Turks had been cultivating tulips as early as AD 1000(Sykes, T. (2003),Tulips from Amsterdam). Most of these tulips belike originated in areas around the Black Sea, in the Crimea, and in the steppes to the north of the Caucasus. Back then it used to rule a very steep impairment which could be amounting to a small fortune, today the said flowers are available at modest determines.When the Tulip was first introduced to Holland, tulip ownership w as primarily limited to wealthy nobles and scholars. Antwerp, Brussels, Augsburg, Paris, and Prague are among about of the cities where such tulips first began to circulate. The exorbitant price as well as the great demand for this good gave draw close to an extraordinary event in Dutch history The Tulip thunder of 1636 1637.The Tulip Boom was an economic phenomenon which took house on the year 1636. This craze lasted for a year. (McGuigan, B. (2007), What is a Tulip Craze?, mull Corporation) The cause of the said phenomena was the explosive surge of the demand for tulip flowers and bulbs. The Tulip was prized back then for its rarity, beauty and because of the particular that it piles around 7 years to acquire a tulip seed into a bulb. It was said that a reasonable purchase price for an ordinary integrityness tulip-bulb of the Viceroy variety consists of two loads of wheat and four of rye, four fat oxen, eight pigs, a twelve sheep, two ox heads of wine, four tons of but ter, a thousand pounds of cheese, a bed, some clothing and a silver beaker.This price roughly estimated to be amounting to 2,500 guilders (Dutch Currency) is of descent ridiculously exorbitant nowadays considering that it is only for a piece of bulb which does not even guarantee that it will produce a flower. The said price however during those days is deemed a Fair and reasonable purchase price for an ordinary tulip bulb. Rarer species during the height of the Dutch tulip mania in the seventeenth century would be double or triple that price, a Semper Augustus, considered to be even more precious than the Viceroy tulip, could bring in close to 6,000 guilders. (Schulman, B. (2007), Tulip, The Regents of Minnesota University)Eventually, some tulips were change at the rate of a single bulb for the value of a house, and lots of bulbs were exchanged for bad estates. Tulips became a commodity on the Dutch stock exchanges, allowing people who werent cultivators or traders to try to take advantage of this boom. It was noted that many people began putting tremendous amounts of wealth into hypothesis on the tulip commercialize in extreme cases, even their entire savings or properties. The Tulip craze reached a fevered incline in the year 1636, which witnessed a lot of money pouring into the market, as well as speculation on tulip futures offered by traders who had not yet planted bulbs. At around 1637, the market became saturated with the said product, and some traders began to make do, often in large amounts.This caused panic on the so called tulip merchants making them want to sell their tulips immediately even up to the point of selling cheap. Needless to say the said speculation caused an enormous downturn. As a result the tulip craze ruined many thousands of people financially, as tulip bulbs that had been purchased for the price of a great estate were nearly devalued overnight to the price of common onions. To stop the economy from plummeting and becaus e of the fact that tulip prices and the practice of tulip speculation became so inordinatenessive and frenzied the States of Holland passed a statute curbing such extremes in the year 1637. (Jones, S. ((2005), House Prices Tulip Mania A lesson from History )II. The Current orbicular mine Resources BoomAs of the present, Mining companies are in the midst of an immense economic boom, accompanied with high levels of demand and an higher up average boost in revenue and profits. It is apparent that the Global demand for metals is closely related to orbiculate GDP, although rapidly expanding economies tend to have a higher intensity of use of some metals, particularly steels, than advance countries (Mandaro, L(2006). Joy Global No end to mine boom in potty,). Many analysts believe that the current peaks may represent long-term strength in the market, driven largely by the economic engines of China and India. The rapid growth of Chinese and Indian economies seem to have been inve rsely affected by the growth of Western economies. The advancement world enjoyed by the two countries is showing no signs of imminent redress or stagnation. The said Phenomenal levels of this demand were not expected nor anticipated(Achieving High Performance in Mining Winning Today, Succeeding tomorrow (1996-2007).The mining industry may not have the same nature of cycles as typically perceived by investors, but the current level of high metals prices appears to be prop up and the predicted peak keeps on moving. Amidst the apparent boom which the mining sector is experiencing presently, some measures still call for to be implemented by the executives of the mining sectors to guidance on the opportunities that todays high commodity prices present, it is apparent that the mining sector needs to keep an eye on significant challenges that lie beyond the current boom to achieve high performance. It is a known fact that although prices are not likely to drop to the lows which occur red a few years back, the said prices are likely to fluctuate and fall below todays levels.This assessment is considered blameless given the number of players orbicularly, there is a high risk of investing in future excess capacity. Production costs are skyrocketing, especially energy and input material costs, these variables seem to have pinched the positive effects the benefits of the commodity boom has in store for the mining industry. In a global industry, commodity price and currency volatility have the potential to erode the benefits coming from the profits being enjoyed by the Mining industry (Ernst preadolescent.(2006) A Timely Opportunity for tete-a-tete Equity?).Todays strong market gives companies an opportunity to invest in preparing to meet those challenges. Mining companies need to plan for a potential downturn as well as for continued high demand. In short, they need to balance the ability to apply todays boom times with well-founded strategies that will contin ue to deliver value to shareholders in the post-boom period. They also must(prenominal) pay close attention to a range of issues to drive the triple bottom line and focus not only on economic results, but also on the social and environmental impingement of their operations. In an era of global competition, mining companies must constantly look for ways to improve those operations, in the main by applying modern technology on the mining equipments used from mines to concentrators to smelters (Ernst Young.(2006) A Timely Opportunity for Private Equity?).III. The parvenue York stock certificates Exchange Commission (NYSE)Stock exchange legal proceeding are basically transactions that involve the day to day activities of brokers and dealers. These individuals facilitate the buying and selling of financial assets. Brokers execute trades on behalf of clients and sire commissions and fees in exchange for matching buyers and sellers. Dealers, on the other hand, buy and sell from the ir own portfolios (Stock Exchange(2007)) Microsoft MSN encyclopaedia Encarta) .They agnise income by selling a financial instrument at a price that is greater than the price the dealer paid for the instrument. Some exchange participants perform both roles.The said transactions occur oftentimes nowadays and is governed primarily by Stock exchange commissions, the most noted of these organizations would probably be the newfangled York Stocks Exchange Commission. The New York Stocks Exchange Commission is the worlds largest marketplace for securities. It was organized back in 1792 by a group of stockbrokers who wanted a more orderly way to sell and buy company stocks (The New York Stock Exchange) (2007), Encyclopedia Britannica Online).The New York Stock exchange was formerly located at number 40 Wall Street in New York City, But As the said establishment grew it was later move into what is currently the New York Stock Exchange Building. Membership was limited to 1,366 since 1953, and is obtained by purchasing a basis from a current existing component. Major stock exchanges in the United States include the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the American Stock Exchange (AMEX), both in New York City. The NYSE is operated by a board of directors, whose primary role is to list down securities, to set policies and to supervise the stock exchange and its member activities.Another important function of the NYSE is to oversee the transfer of members seats on the Exchange, which would involve sound judgement whether a potential applicant is qualified to be a specialist. Stock exchanges perform important roles in national economies (New York Stock Exchange NYSE (2007), Investopedia). Most importantly, they encourage investment by providing places for buyers and sellers to trade securities. This investment, in turn, enables corporations to obtain funds to expand their businesses.The Stock market, is of course the mirror of the current economic situation of a countr y. The NYSE, being the largest of them all, would of course imply that any fluctuation occurring in the NYSE stock market would of course mirror the economic situation of the U.S. This would best be illustrated by the economic turmoil experienced by the said country on the year 1929. It was an event remembered by many because of a lot of adverse things happened within a blink of an eye. In the 1920s, things were really rocking in the US and around the world. The rapid extend in industrialization was fueling growth in the economy, and technology improvements had the leading economists believing that the up rise would continue.The enormous amount of unsecured consumer debt created by this speculation left the stock market essentially off-balance. It was on the 24th of October 1929, when the stock prices began to fall and brokers began to sell. By noon of the same day, millions of shares had been sold. The selling frenzy continued all afternoon. Before the close of the day, 13 millio n shares had been traded and the market dropped an estimated amount of four billion dollars. Many investors, time-tested to even things up, and as a course of action they invested their life savings, mortgaged their homes, and cashed in safer investments such as treasury bonds and bank accounts.After some time the realization of what had happened began to sink in, and a full-blown panic ensued. People who had invested their entire life savings during the boom became destitute. Many of the banks which had speculated heavily with their deposits were wiped out by the falling prices, and these bank failures sparked a run on the banking system. As a result many banks and businesses were coerce to close.Each failed bank, factory, business, and investor contributed to the downward spiral that would drag the world into the Great Depression. Five days later, the worst achievable scenario took place. On that day, over 16 million shares of stock were sold and the market fell over 14 billio n dollars. By comparison, the entire budget of the U.S. Government that year was three billion dollars. In one day, the United States lost more capital than it had spent in all of World War I. And so it came to pass that thousands of investors many of them ordinary working people, were financially ruined. By the end of that year, stock values had dropped by fifteen billion dollars (The Crash, NYC Architecture. Retrieved August 29, 2007). BibliographyThe Dutch Tulip BoomSchulman, B. (2007), Tulip, The Regents of Minnesota University,Retrieved August 28, 2007 http//bell.lib.umn.edu/Products/tulips.htmlMcGuigan, B. (2007), What is a Tulip Craze?, Conjecture Corporation, Retrieved August 28, 2007 http//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-tulip-craze.htmJones, S. ((2005), House Prices Tulip Mania A lesson from History Retrieved August 28, 2007http//www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article18.htmlSykes, T. (2003), Tulips from Amsterdam, Retrieved August 27, 2007http//www.rba.gov.au/PublicationsAndResear ch/Conferences/2003/Sykes.pdfThe Current Global Mining Resources BoomMandaro, L(2006). Joy Global No end to mining boom in sight, MarketwatchRetrieved August 29, 2007http//www.marketwatch.com/News/Story/5VZZZjDn3fVvlBkkp9z78HtAchieving High Performance in Mining Winning Today, Succeeding Tomorrow (1996-2007), Accenture, Retrieved August 29, 2007.http//www.accenture.com/Global/Services/By_Industry/Mining/R_and_I/WinningTodaySucceedingTomorrow.htmErnst Young.(2006) A Timely Opportunity for Private Equity? Ernst Young Global. Retrieved August 29, 2007.http//www.ey.com/global/content.nsf/International/Mining_Private_EquityThe New York Stocks Exchange CommissionThe New York Stock Exchange (2007), Encyclopedia Britannica Online.Retrieved August 29, 2007. http//www.britannica.com/eb/article-9055541/New-York-Stock-ExchangeNew York Stock Exchange NYSE (2007), Investopedia Retrieved August 29, 2007 http//www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nyse.aspThe Crash, NYC Architecture. Retrieved August 29, 2007 http//www.nyc-architecture.com/LM/LM036-NEWYORKSTOCKEXCHANGE.htmStock Exchange(2007), Microsoft MSN Encyclopedia Encarta.Retrieved August 29, 2007 http//encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761560145/Stock_Exchange.htmlGongloff, M. Attacks could hit economy. CNN Money. Retrieved August 30, 2007 http//money.cnn.com/2001/09/11/economy/wtc_econ/

Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet EssayIn Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, the character beggar Laurence had the greatest exercise on the tragic outcome of the flow. mendicant Lawrence was a trusted holy man whose judgment was held in the highest reverence by Romeo and Juliet. However, he failed to provide a wise solution to their dilemma. Romeo and Juliets demise was the product of the mendicants predisposition to act in haste, his irresponsibility and his fear of being disgraced.The Friars first shortcoming that contributed to the tragic result is the stylus he commits to impulsive and rash decisions. For example, when Romeo tells the Friar of his new love for Juliet, the Friar tells Romeo that he is acting in addition hastily and not thinking about the consequences, they stumble that run fast. (II. III. 94). However, despite his advice to Romeo of thinking before acting, he decides to marry them in hope that this will end the family feud, compensate though he knows that the secret uniting can only further infuriate the two families. This is evident when the Friar saysBoth Romeo and Juliet respected Friar Laurences decisions, and although he preaches the value of patience, his own impetuous conclusions is the first way he led Romeo and Juliet to catastrophe.Friar Laurences sulphur inadequacy that had a negative impact on the play is his irresponsibility. Although he should be the figure of dependability, the Friar is the one whose plan is the least dependable. preferably of thinking of a way to diplomatically arrive on a mutually satisfying agreement between the Capulet and Montague theatre of operationss, he devises an outrageous plan that has almost no chance of success. He gives Juliet a potion to make her appear dead, and although Juliet knows this plan carries a huge risk, she is so agitated by Romeos banishment that she is free to try anything. She even goes as far as questioning the Friars motivesInstead of avoiding senseless plans, th e Friar not only generates a plan which is doomed to fail, but does not even responsibly administer the plan. He sends Friar John to send the letter to Romeo that explains the plan. He had not make it clear to Friar John how important the delivery was, since the messenger became quarantined in a house due to suspicions of being infected with disease. Friar Laurence should have been responsible enough to deliver the letter himself, and this is the plunk for way in which he negatively affects the outcome of the play.The final way in which Friar Laurence unconstructively influenced the play is his fear of sin and getting in trouble. In the tomb, Juliet woke up and found Romeos dead body beside her. Friar Laurence had been late to wake up Juliet and when he realized what happened, he directed Juliet to escape with himStay not to question, for the watch is coming.Come, go, good Juliet. I dare no longer stay.(V, III, l. 158-159)He then cowardly ran out of the tomb because of his fear of being caught by the Prince and his men. He left the shocked Juliet alone and he knew she was willing to kill herself over Romeos death. Later on, when Juliet killed herself and the Capulets and Montagues wanted an explanation, he admitted that he was at faultMiscarried by my fault, let my old life be sacrificed.Unto the rigor of severest law.(V. III. 267-269)This fear of being caught is the third way that Friar Laurence has negatively affected the play.In conclusion, Friar Laurence was important because he holds the greatest blame for the tragic events in the play. He did this because of his hasty decision-making, his irresponsibility and his uncertainty for his safety. The outcome of the play might have been happier if someone else directed Romeo and Juliets actions. He does have the best intentions for Romeo and Juliet, and it is ironic how his best intentions cause the greatest tribulations for the two lovers. If the Friar had acted the way he had preached to Romeo, he would be a hero. As he had described the misapplied virtue of the herbs in the garden, the same applies to him sexual abstention itself turns vice, being misapplied.

South Carolina electricity and gas company Essay Example for Free

southern Carolina electricity and gas company EssayThis company deals in the supply of natural gas to homes, businesses and early(a) users in community. Natural gas is one of the most versatile, environmentally friendly and dependable sources of energy available. nil testament warm a home like natural gas, so let SCEG help you stimulate the most of it (www. sceg. com) At break-even Sales = total cost Assume the rent is 20,000, fixed cost 25000, pay 12 per unit, variable cost 10 per unit If the revenue price per unit is US$ 220 the break-even will as follows-220X y = 12y+10y +20000+25000 45000 = 198y Y = 228 units The unit of measurement is gas cylinders In case, they want to rig the interchange price upward to 240. the breakeven will be as follows 240X y = 12y+10y +20000+25000 45000 = 218y Y = 207 units In case, they want to adjust the selling price downward to 200. The breakeven will be as follows 178X y = 12y+10y +20000+25000 45000 = 178y Y = 253 units.

Laser Alignment Theory Essay Example for Free

Laser Alignment surmise EssayModern opthalmic metrology uses punctilious passs and planes in space from which measurements are make. Because this order creates these features use fresh it has become known as visual tooling. The 35 year old historical development and up-to-the-minute engine room of optical maser instrumentation as used in optical tooling is discussed in detail. This includes the how the measurements are made, applications, and the technology of alignment optical masers and fructify sensing targets developed for sensing position in spite of appearance a laser tool or plane.The various geometries used to make alignment measurements are discussed in detail. Applications are discussed and the challenges each poses are discussed. The challenge of long range alignment and the effect of the turbulent atmosphere on the measurement coer is discussed along with methods of hitling the associated geological faults them. WHAT IS OPTICAL TOOLING? Optical to oling is a means establishing and utilizing a line of sight (LOS) to reach precise germ lines and audience planes from which accurate measurements are made with position sensitive targets. 1 Formerly the measurements were through and through by a person interpreting a scale or optical micrometer by looking through an alignment telescope today the lines and planes are created by a laser the measurements are digital and require no interpretation. Optical tooling uses the principle that light travels in straight lines to catch precise measurements that sacknot be reached by manual or mechanical methods. Level lines can be established over great distances so accurately that every point is exactly perpendicular to the force of gravity.Plumb lines can be set to a given take aim. Right angles can be produced quickly and precisely with supplementary comp angiotensin converting enzyments. In the assembly, maintenance and calibration of industrial equipment or in the alignment of clea rcutness systems, one or as m either as four basic questions always must be answered is it straight, is it flat, is it plumb or is it square? A number of techniques have been developed to make these measurements however, many of them result in inaccuracies so great that proper operation of the equipment involved will be compromised or seriously endangered.The science of optical metrology and alignment makes it possible to achieve the high upest layer of accuracy in answering these four important questions. It is no longer necessary to interpret readings or to make constant adjustments and calculations. In laser alignment applications, direct, precision measurements are made rapidly and consistently. Straightness In aligning several points, a tight telegraph is often used as a origin line. This technique has numerous drawbacks and introduces inaccuracy. First of all, wire has weight, which causes it to stagger over long distances this sag can become considerable.In addition, wir e vibrates, can bend or kink, and when stretched in the area to be measured, equipment cannot be moved around for fear of disturbing the wire credit rating line. Even a gentle breeze can cause the wire to move sideways a considerable amount the aerodynamic drag on a thin wire is huge. In laser alignment, the LOS of is established by a laser air instead of a tight wire. The invisible LOS reference has no weight, cannot sag, kink, or be disturbed, nor is it a safety hazard. It constitutes a precise, unvarying reference, determining straightness to within thousandths of an inch. inanition In order to determine flatness a shop level and a straightedge was occupied in the past. However, over prodigious horizontal areas, the shop level must be moved from power to part. Consequently, one can solely tell the degree of flatness of each individual surface upon which the level is place. Whether all objects in a large area are flat is still in doubt. Flatness over a considerable area must be assured in the erection of large railcarry, surface tables and large machine tools. Conventional spew out levels simply do not offer the degree of precision required. Laser levels, a termed that has fallen into generic use, offer a way to produce a level datum over a wide area. Laser technology has overcome the many disadvantages of bubble levels and assures levelness to within a few thousandths of an inch over hundreds of feet. This high degree of levelness is accomplished by horizontally sweeping the laser beam manually or via a motor driven rotary stage. This revolving line of laser light becomes a horizontal plane of sight, giving a precise horizontal reference datum, some beats called a waterline. SquarenessPerfect squareness implies that one plane mildews a 90 angle with another run across plane. When a steel square is used to test for this condition, the results can be very misleading. Such measurements aver upon the trueness of the steel square, which can vary from s quare to square with time. In addition, steel squares have a definite limit in their physical dimensions and consequently the testing of very large surface becomes inaccurate, heavy and cumbersome. Laser alignment overcomes all these disadvantages and offers a quick and precise method for determining squareness.One method is to use a transparent penta prism in conjunction with a simple alignment laser. This optical element will split the beam from the laser into deuce parts one beam passes through the prism undeviated, the other beam is reflected at a perfect 90 degree angle. This will be described in more detail later. Other systems use deuce-ace independently mounted lasers that are orthogonal to each other. Plumb Classically, a plumb bob is used to establish a exclusive vertical reference line. Of course, as vertical distances increase, the plumb bob becomes cumbersome and inaccurate. It takes a long time for the plumb bob to settle.Also, it can easily be swayed by vibration, air currents, and other disturbances which are backfire to be encountered. In the laser alignment method there are several ways to produce a plumb reference it can be a plane or a line. To form a plumb line, an alignment laser with autocollimating capability is used with a pool of almost any liquid. Autocollimation senses the angle of an external mirror by reflecting its beam back into the laser head. A position demodulator, beamsplitter and lens of the eye measure the angle of the reflected beam. When the laser is adjusted such that the internal sensor reads 0 in twain axes, then the laser is producing a plumb line.For example, if a heavy machine tool is being surveyed, the 2 reference points which determine the LOS should be located off of the machine. If for any reason the machine were to move or deflect all measurements would be in error. The two reference points should be located close overflowing to be convenient to use and/or out of the way of other people working in th e area. Transits and alignment telescopes first made these types of measurements. But the problem with transits and telescopes is that they require a person to interpret a scale placed on the object of interest and usually a second person is retention the scale against the object.It is a two person job that takes time and much training to accomplish successfully. It is as well subject to errors. This type of alignment measurement, commonly called straightness, is the most basic of all alignment applications. The figure under shows an alignment laser source on the left whose collimated beam is striking a position sensor target on the right. The target can freely slide and make measurements of straightness of the structure to which it is attached. pic other common requirement is to establish another LOS perpendicular or parallel to the original LOS.To establish a perpendicular a special prism is used a penta prism. A penta prism has the property that rotation around its axis does not deviate the reflected beam at all it does not have to be critically mounted. Penta prisms are often called optical squares, an appropriate term. To establish a parallel LOS to an existing LOS typically involves tooling bars if the distance is relatively short, say a meter or less. These bars are made of steel and hold electronic targets at a precise distance from a center. Using two of them with the original LOS establishes a parallel LOS.If the distance in the midst of the two LOS is large, then it can be through using the penta prism twice the first time to turn the beam 90 degrees, followed by a certain distance, and concluded by turning the beam back 90 degrees. Care must be taken that two LOS are truly parallel usually using a level reference datum makes the task much easier. The next alignment application involves measuring the alignment error in the midst of two different LOS datums the typical application is to determine the lateral offset and angular error between tw o shafts.The shafts essentially define the two LOSs. The measurement consists of setting up the source on one shaft and parallel to it. The targets are placed on the second shaft and surveyed. Then the shafts are go around 180 degrees and surveyed again the difference is twice the shaft offset. If the target is placed at two axial locations and measured for offset, the difference in the offsets divided by twice the axial separation is the angular error in radians. The figure below shows a typical method to measure shaft alignment errors using a laser and target. picA more sophisticated alignment application is to sweep a laser beam quickly to generate a plane of light. The advantage of this is that many targets can be reorient using one laser source. In simple straightness applications the target location is restricted to the industrious area of the position sensor. In move plane alignment, the targets are using sensitive in only one dimension. A typical application to establis h a level plane is to put three or more targets at the same (desired) waterline location and adjust the structure the targets are on until all targets read the same.The targets for swept plane alignment can be static, meaning they require the laser beam to be directed in to them constantly. Usually the laser beam is swept by hand by rotating a knob on the laser source. If the laser plane is moving at high speed, say once a second or faster, then the targets must capture and hold the position of the laser beam as the beam sweeps by. The problem becomes harder to accomplish at longer distance because the beam is on the detector for such a short periods of time. The figure below shows a horizontally swept level laser beam scanning by several targets placed on a machine bed.

Religious Commitment Essay Example for Free

Religious Commitment EssayReligious governments often throw a very undemocratic approach of management, with strict and stringent laws and little freedom. Women are thus usually hard-pressed, dictated, given fewer liberties, and less educated. It is no surprise therefore that these societies are generally male-dominated with little find out from women. Education is primarily based upon the laws and scriptures of state religion with little room for anything else. From primary to secondary studies, accent mark is placed upon teaching and preaching everything about the religion and its practices. Anything which differs from religion is discarded.This consequently results in low literacy mark in terms of modern ways, studies, technologies and knowledge. Civil laws are also based upon the scriptures of the religion, with severe and strict rules and regulations. in that location is little democracy, freedom, and usually harsh punishments given out for violating laws. Religious l aws are of chief importance and consequentially high government posts are inhabited by ghostly clerics and leaders. There are a bighearted percentage of these types of governments in Middle East, Asia and East, where as the West and European countries are exceedingly democratic.In fresh times, extremists Muslims have been severely criticized for trying to impose their religion and violating basic rights of freedom. It is also one of the reasons cited by the American government for attacking Afghanistan and Iraq, which were primarily religious governments with little freedom and democracy. On the whole, religious governments place accent on religion, its laws and practices. Compliance is usually mandatory, with all matters women, education and civil laws etc. molded according to religious beliefs.ReferenceAudi, Robert. Religious Commitment and Secular Reason. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.

Monsoon Wedding Essay Example for Free

Monsoon Wedding EssayMira Nairs scene entitled Monsoon Wedding is a story of family customs that exists in Indian culture. The directpr illustrated how Indians perceived the importance of wedding in their society. Along with the pic of the concept of wedding is the portrayal of different conflicts from various characters in the story. There is an instance when the wedding planner fell in love with maid of the family he works for. There are also concepts of adultery that emerged during the development of the story. It became one of the significant conflicts of the movie that is hard to deconstruct or resolve due to its complications and results. Because in that location are several characters in the movie, there are some personas in the movie that were taken for granted. It shows that the generator did not gave each character the capability to develop throughout the movie. The author used the children in movie to justify the concept of a family but she ignored their sense fo r the reason that she focused her attention moreover on the issues of the older characters.It means that there is no balance formation of characters but only a decoration for justifiable thoughts. In conclusion to this, the movie can be said as a simple and dramatic depiction of culture of Indian nation. It is an illustration of moral values, religious beliefs, and cultural tradition that Indians used to contemplate. It is somehow a story of uniqueness but there are flaws that cannot be denied by the audience. However, the whole scenario of the story justified the concept of family ties and awareness of cultural tradition that is innate to Indian society. wingMira Nair. Monsoon Wedding.

Julius Caesar Essay Example for Free

Julius Caesar searchCause and Effect Prompt based on William Shakespe ars tragedy Julius Caesar Search the cause and nucleus of the assassination of Julius Caesar in William Shakespeares tragedy Julius Caesar by examining Julius Caesar being a Tragic title-holder with a Tragic flaw(s), and how this led to his downfall. Your paper must provide description of his tragic hero traits. Cite your literary productions textbook with at least two examples using quotations from the play that demonstrate this cause and effect.Then examine and contrast this dilemma with another world figure (either from the past or the present) that has been untimely assassinated. Find parallels surrounded by your selected figure and Julius Caesar. Analyze their likenesses and differences of the impact of these two deaths on their respective societies. Include another quotation as text evidence for your discussion.* find that your examples from the text must be within quotation marks. * Remember that you are demonstrating the tragic flaw that Julius Caesar had through the use of the quotations you find and how this cause his downfall, then you are comparing and contrasting this same situation with another world figure leader who also was lost due to an assassination. * Remember to write a pull in thesis for your paper which will give direction for your remarks.Tragic Hero TraitsTherefore* Born into nobility* He/she falls from great heights * Responsible for his/her own fate* Realizes they present made an irreversible mistake * Endowed with a tragic flaw* Faces and accepts death with honor and lowliness * Doomed to make a serious error in judgment * May meet a tragic deathThemes of Julius Caesar Fate versus Free will Public versus Private Self Misinterpretations and misleadings Inflexibility versus via media Political rhetoric versus Power Essay Requirements1. At least 5/6 well-constructed paragraphs 2. A clear thesis within your introduction 3. Two quotations these must exp ress his tragic flaw in a cause and effect manner (if this- then that). 4. You must compare and contrast the situation and downfall of Caesar to a current or past public figure that has been lost through an assassination. One quotation is required. 5. This is a timed writing piece. Please apply your knowledge of time management through use of prewriting, drawing off and revising skills. You mustproof read your own paper before submission. 6. MLA requirements Neatly written schedule with proper documentation of your quotations followed by a Works Cited entry of all documented sources at the blockade of your paper. Do not write on the back of your paper.

Importance of Language on Literacy Development of Deaf Child

Importance of Langu get on with on Literacy maturement of desensitiseen ChildA relationship betwixt diction and textbook needs to be open up to become literate. What item challenges may desensitize pip-squeakren face in forming this relationship? How may such(prenominal) skills be developed in deaf(p)en(p) children?As there is an increasing number of deaf children being set and amplified at an earlier age and with the quality of this amplification improving, the expectation that these children develop at a homogeneous rate academically to their tryout peers has become much hard-core. Sadly, this is non eer the case. In this es lay out, I result be focusing on the challenges deaf children face when obtaining literacy skills and how the relationship between speech communication and text fag be developed.organism literate is much much than the ability to decode print into words. Connie Mayer (2007) stated that physical composition systems micturate evolved to encode spoken language, and even the one major system that has appe ard to be an exception, Chinese, turns out to be a more complex case, found generally on spoken language morphology and phonology. This office that to become literate, an individual well-nigh first construct access to the language that is being decoded, which for some(prenominal) deaf children is one of the first obstacles they will face in the schooling of their literacy skills. There is a vast substance of research available that discusses how childrens abilities to learn rendition and piece is influenced by their wee experiences in life.Goberis et al. (2012) investigated the complex language of hearing, hard of hearing and deaf children using a pragmatics check list. They discovered that a hearing child acquires the ability to use complex language, including basic syntax and age clutch vocabulary in amicablely appropriate situations between the age of 3 and 4 years old. Sadly deaf and hard of he aring children acquired these skills much later in life, even when strategies had been localise in place and these wherefore cause challenges in writing and abstract conversational dialogue.Swanwick and Watson (2007) looked at how book manduction substructure positively impact a deaf childs literacy and language development and take far-famed that both spoken and signed parents created a shared fundamental interaction that releaseed for sharing marrow and attention between parent and child in a physical telescope that allowed for closeness. When parents are using BSL to share stories, the child is often placed opposite the bounteous to ensure they cigarette see the signs, where hearing and oral stage tellers usually sit adjacent to one an otherwise, which allows for a wear auditory modality position. Swanwick and Watson observed that parents using oral English tended to stick to the write story and explored the vocabulary and sounds with turn taking and interacting, where the parents using BSL did not always follow the text and retold the story using their proclaim signs without using voice or lip patterns. Their focus was to share the actual story rather than sharing the written text and the parents were ensuring children understood the story cognitively by filling the children to repeat the signs used. Parents who used oral English emphasised the actual written text and thus focussed on the active listening skills of the child, which means the focus was on the literacy and language skills, instead of the story. This airfield shows that the parents of these children had a view and approach towards their childs literacy development but were not always focussing on all aspects when sharing a text. However, it is important to note that the parents involved in this study were all very involved in their childs early literacy development and results tycoon catch been different if the participants came from a background where oral retelling t ook priority over sharing written text or households where parents do not realize the potential value of childrens picture books. As a instructor of the deaf, it is crucial to support and encourage parents to discuss a range of linguistic skills including pragmatics, syntax, graphophonical knowledge and semantics but most importantly to encourage a love of culture by repeating favourite books, which Sulzby (1993) stated builds a rich vocabulary and by singing nursery rhymes and clapping indorses with repeated patterns to just develop early language skills or to attend realizeing and story activity groups at a local program library or play group.There is plenty of research that shows that shared cultivation or interactive story book instruction has a huge impact on childrens early literacy development and show the benefits of these social interactions around stories and text, allowing the child to check that text and language are connected. (Yaden, Smolkin, Conlon, 1989) F requent and effective shared reading during the first 6 years of a childs life aids the development of vocabulary, labelling, and oral and written abilties. Crain-Thorensen, Dahlin and Powell (2001) to a fault proved that parents and caregivers use more complex language when book sharing and thus children get the fortune to be exposed to new vocabulary which they might not encounter in their day to day life.Justice et al. (2005) conducted a study regarding parents sharing books with hearing and deaf children and concluded that storybooks can provide a wealth of new vocabulary for children. She noted that deaf children responded less to implicit questions than hearing children and showed that parental hold was a key element in word recall for deaf children, where joint attention was more important for hearing children. This shows that the parents of deaf children had to ensure they were building on their childrens prior knowledge to ensure they understood the language and vocabular y in the story told. She concluded that shared reading, retelling and discussing stories are paramount for early reading development. When sharing a book, the prospect should be used to take turns discussing vocabulary, events and characters in the book and ensuring that both explicit and implicit questions are asked, suitable to the childs current abilities.The First Steps Viewing Map of Development shows that literacy encyclopedism is a linear process that develops a childs use of texts, understanding of the context, understanding of conventions and development of the use of a range of strategies to extract meaning from print. Williams (2004) mentions that deaf children progress at a similar level as hearing children in their development of early reading and writing, yet several cases studies, such as Traxler (2000) and Marschark, Lang Alertini (2002) showed that a high percentage of deaf children graduated with a considerably lower literacy ability than their hearing peer, sug gesting that their cultivation trajectories later changed drastically. One moldiness consider, though, that recent advances in audiological equipment and management might show different results in more recent longitudal studies. interpret requires a combination of several complex skills. Adams (2001) stated that to learn to read one must be have a context processor to be able to comprise the text, a semantic processor to understand the meaning of words, an orthographic processor to be able to recognise and identify the letters and spellings and a phonologic processor to identify the speech sounds, which requires qualified audiological amplification or access to other abilities such as cued speech.When it comes to emergent reading, one of the first skills a child must master is recognizing the letters of the alphabets and knowing that these letters are linked to 44 sounds in the English language, which then in turn can be put together to form words. Hearing children and those wi th early adequate amplification will begin to recognize certain letters and sounds in their consume names and some keywords they might have been taught through rhymes or songs.To aid this early process, the child should be encouraged to say the phonemes in the word and then repeat them to see if they can hear which word it makes. It sometimes supports if the adult repeats the sounds so the child can focus on hearing the word. Another system is finding well-known(prenominal) letter patterns in words to aid with blending, such as cat, pat, mat, sat. This could also be turned into a little game where the initial sound is changed to see how many real and nonsense words can be made. Kyle and Harris (2011) noted that hard of hearing and deaf children cannot hear all these sounds, despite using audiological equipment and thus other strategies are needed to support them. Visual phonics is one of the strategies that can be used to help deaf and hard of hearing children to learn phonics b y combining handcues and written symbols to aid phonetic sensation and decoding skills. Shared reading has also been shown to aid the development of phonological awareness in both hearing and deaf children, especially where parents take the time to point out sounds children are familiar with and acquire them to recall and blend familiar sound patterns. once the initial recognition of print and understanding of the alphabet and their related sounds has been formed, the child should, through frequent exposure to written words in signs, shared books, labels, etc,. be able to recall an increasing number of high frequency words and words that can be blended phonologically. The focus of reading activities then shift towards understanding that text carries meaning, rather than simply reading word for word. Reading books for the children at this skill level generally have smaller print and more complex sentence structures and fewer illustrations.Kyle and Harris (2010) conducted a longitud al study to investigate reading and spelling abilities of emergent deaf children. They found out that at first, deaf children applied a whole word strategy to reading, however after 2 years of learning they were using a more alphabetic reading strategy based on phonological representations derived from speech reading skills. However, hearing children applied this alphabetic ability based on speechreading from the first year of reading, hence different reading strategies were applied by hearing and deaf children. This made them conclude that If the schooling derived through speechreading is incorporated into underlying phonological representations, which in turn are used to support the phonological judgments required to complete phonological awareness tasks, then it is plausible that speechreading could be a strong initial predictor of reading in both deaf and hearing. In addition, for the deaf children, speechreading could essentially act as a marker or proxy for the quality of the underlying phonological representations (Kyle and Harris, 2010, p.14) Unfortunately, the deaf and hearing children in this study were picked by their class instructors and thus their reading abilities were not always as closely matched as initially intended.In a study by Bouton et al. (2011) it was discovered that children with cochlear implants greatly benefited from learning cued speech. Cued speech shows a hearing child hand movements near the mouth to brighten lip and mouth movements so they can have a visual aid to better stretch lip reading. Bourton et al. found that cued speech improved the CI childrens performance in reading tasks and phonetical awareness, compared to CI children who had not been exposed to cued speech. Additional research into the link between cued speech and phonetical awareness, spelling and reading abilities is required, however it does show that offering a CI child additional support through cued speech can have a positive impact on their language an d literacy development.Once children have mastered the word beleaguer skills they are then faced by longer and more complex texts which require a greater understanding of the world and fewer illustrations as prompts. At this stage, young readers will need to comprehend a huge variety of phrases and clauses to understand the meaning of the text and recognising that text can come in a variety of different genres and serve different purposes.To support deaf childrens understanding, it is important that as a teacher of the deaf, a variety of strategies are offered to ensure the child fully understand the texts they are make believeing with. These strategies entangle giving the child the opportunity to retell the story in his/her own words, sequencing key elements of the text, discussing characters and settings and ensuring the child understand the vocabulary by clarifying and offering synonyms or visual representations. The child should be given the opportunity to ask and answer ques tions and to predict what might happen next. Another strategy is linking the key elements of the story with their own personal experiences or other stories familiar to the child, to allow the child to expand and comment on what has been read.Once the child becomes a fluent reader, the focus shifts from being able to read to understanding the text and utilising it for further personal development. With this also comes the realisation that reading have a multitude of functions, such as reading for pleasure, deriving information, receiving instructions and interacting with a multitude of devices and multimedia platforms. Sadly, the transition from emergent to fluent reader does not always happen as smoothly as desired for deaf children. Geers and Hayes (2011) conducted a study with early engraft deaf adolescents to see if they managed to keep their academic trajectory in literacy skills at a consistent level with their hearing peers and to investigate to what degree the childs phonolo gical skills and family characteristics influenced their literacy development. Geers and Hayes discovered that early implanted children who were classed as age related in their phonological awareness in preschool, managed to make age appropriate progress compared to their hearing peers as adolescents with good audiological management and family support, however they did not perform as well on spelling and expository writing and they discovered that the development of phonological awareness is crucial to literacy success. payable to an increasing number of children being implanted prior to 12 months of age thanks to the Infant test Programme, it would be interesting to repeat this study with a cohort that was implanted sooner in life.Being literate does not simply comprise of being able to read print. Reading and writing have often been said to go hand in hand and develop linearly. Mayer (2010) noted that there has been considerably little research in the implications of deafness o n writing development and most of the research that has been promulgated focusses primarily on spelling rather than writing composition. It is exempt that children learn that writing carries meaning and that it is a useful tool for communication. There is debate about the multitude of strategies available for teaching reading and writing, for caseful phonological approaches or visual orthographic strategies. Simply learning how to spell words is not fitting to become literate. The English language has a complex system of syntax and grammar. Cormier et al (2012) investigated the impact of age of learning of a signed language on grammatical abilities in deaf children. He noted that successfully acquiring a language, signed or oral, is crucial to growth grammatical awareness of that language and successfully acquiring a second language, i.e. BSL or English depending on L1. Grosjean (2001) also commented that bilingual breeding is a deaf childs best chance of acquiring good litera cy skills in both signed and written/spoken languages, however it is important to note that it is the parents right to choose the preferred communication method for their child. milling machine (2005) also found that elementary children were able to find meaning in sentences by using the meaning of the actual words in these sentences but lacked the ability to process syntactic information. These studies show that a greater focus needs to be on the acquisition of grammatical awareness and syntax to ensure that deaf children get a greater understanding of the complex language structures in written texts. Further developing a childs spoken language will aid their abilities to produce more complex written sentences and therefor reduce the amount of baked sentences, e.g. using the same sentence starters over and over again such as I like or I can.To ensure an adequate support programme is put in place for the deaf child, it is paramount that the teacher of the deaf thoroughly assesses th e current reading and writing skills and language abilities, both receptive and expressive, of the child and has a good understanding of the support the child receives at home and in the class room. The childs specific characteristics, attitudes to learning, preferred learning styles and personal, social and emotional development and their strengths and weaknesses are all crucial in a whole child approach towards progress.The teacher of the deaf should work together with parents, schools and other agencies to ensure the best strategies are put in place for the child. Goberis et al. (2012) suggested that parents should target specific language skills at home using natural, day to day opportunities and the teachers should be given strategies to practise in the class room environment. It must be stressed that speech intelligibility does not give a clear picture of the childs actual language abilities and time should be spend finding out where the strengths and weaknesses lay, especiall y when it comes to pragmatic language skills, grammar and vocabulary. Some of the strategies to put in place to further develop language could be interest instructions and then allowing the child the opportunity to give instructions too to further develop the childs hypothesis of mind. The child should be encouraged to provide instructions that are clear and have sufficient information for the other person to follow. This could be scaffolded by adding picutres at first so the child can have a visual representation prior to building the sentences. Playing playground games or very simplified board games are a great way to develop instructional language as a set of rules must be followed to be successful. The child could also be encouraged to explain the game to a peer with the help of an adult. Goberis et al. (2012) also states that it is important to encourage deaf children to answer why questions and ask them to consider options or discussing cause and effect of certain behaviour s. They must also develop the recognition that other children might have a different point of view and talkinga bout other childrens likes and dislikes will allow them to further develop their pragmatic skills and allows them to develop their theory of mind. Categorization is also an important step in language development. Playing sorting games or guessing games can help the child build these categories in their minds. 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